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Documented examples · England & Wales

What a closer examination can change.

A witness not yet approached. A technical question requiring an expert. A decision that deserves scrutiny.

These are third-party examples, not Immediate Defence results. Pramana was not involved. They illustrate different stages of the justice process and do not predict the outcome of another case.

Pre-charge · anonymised firm account

A witness statement before the charging decision

Jericho Law reports obtaining a key witness statement during a rape investigation, assembling an evidence bundle and submitting representations. The firm says police subsequently took no further action.

The practical lesson: agreed investigative work can bring relevant material to the decision-maker. This is the firm’s published account, not an independent finding that its intervention caused the outcome.

Read Jericho Law’s published example →

Victims’ Right to Review · limits of the remedy

Jade Blue McCrossen-Nethercott

Her review exposed an error in the CPS decision to abandon her case. However, proceedings could not restart because the CPS had already offered no evidence in court. This was an acknowledged error, not a successful prosecution after review.

The practical lesson: identify the decision, procedural stage and available review route promptly. A review cannot always reverse what has happened.

Read the reported account →

Appeal · specialist forensic examination

Andrew Malkinson

Representatives from APPEAL brought new DNA evidence to the CCRC. Further testing obtained a profile matching another man on the national database. The Court of Appeal quashed Malkinson’s convictions in July 2023.

The practical lesson: specialist examination can change the evidential picture. This was a post-conviction appeal, not a pre-charge or victims’ review case.

Read the CCRC’s account of the 2023 decision →

Published examples cannot establish that private funding is always better, or that any particular intervention will prevent a charge.

Explore legal and investigative support before charge →